What is a Power Supply Unit (PSU) and SMPS?

A PSU is an internal Power Supply Unit component. Despite the name, Power Supply Units (PSU) do not supply systems with power, instead they convert it. Specifically, a power supply converts the high voltage alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC), and they also regulate the DC output voltage to the fine tolerances required for modern computing components.

Most Power Supplies are switching mode power supply (SMPS), which has both efficiency advantages and makes designing for multiple voltage inputs easier. This means that most power supply units PSUs can operate in different countries where the power input might change. In the UK, the voltage is 240V 50Hz, whereas in the USA the voltage is 120V 60Hz, in Europe it is 220V 50Hz and in Australia it is 230V 50Hz.

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